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X-height
The height of lowercase letters without ascenders or descenders.
X-height is the height of a font lowercase letters — specifically, the part that does not go above (the ascender) or below (the descender) the baseline. Look at the letter "x"; that is where the name comes from.
Fonts with a tall x-height feel modern and stay readable at small sizes. Fonts with a short x-height feel more elegant or traditional but can become hard to read when shrunk.